Dimethylglycine (DMG) is a versatile, health-building, anti-aging and healing nutrient derived from the amino acid Glycine. It is very important for optimal health and is produced by all animals and humans in small amounts. Dimethylglycine was popular with Russian athletes and cosmonauts owing to its reputed ability to increase endurance and reduce fatigue. DMG is also a byproduct of homocysteine metabolism. Homocysteine and betaine are converted to methionine and N, N-dimethylglycine by betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase. Dimethylglycine in the urine is a.
Names | |
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IUPAC name | |
Other names N,N-Dimethylglycine | |
Identifiers | |
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3DMet | |
1700261 | |
ChEBI | |
ChemSpider |
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DrugBank | |
ECHA InfoCard | 100.012.971 |
EC Number |
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82215 | |
KEGG |
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MeSH | dimethylglycine |
RTECS number | |
CompTox Dashboard(EPA) | |
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Properties | |
C4H9NO2 | |
Molar mass | 103.121 g·mol−1 |
Appearance | White crystals |
Odor | Odourless |
Density | 1.069 g/mL |
Melting point | 178 to 182 °C (352 to 360 °F; 451 to 455 K) |
Boiling point | 175.2 °C (347.4 °F; 448.3 K) |
Hazards | |
GHS pictograms | |
GHS Signal word | Warning |
H302 | |
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
>650 mg kg−1(oral, rat) | |
Related compounds | |
Related alkanoic acids | |
Dimethylacetamide | |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
verify (what is ?) | |
Infobox references |
Dimethylglycine (DMG) is a derivative of the amino acidglycine with the structural formula (CH3)2NCH2COOH. It can be found in beans and liver. It can be formed from trimethylglycine upon the loss of one of its methyl groups. It is also a byproduct of the metabolism of choline.
When DMG was first discovered, it was referred to as Vitamin B16, but, unlike true B vitamins, deficiency of DMG in the diet does not lead to any ill-effects and it is synthesized by the human body in the citric acid (or Krebs) cycle meaning it does not meet the definition of a vitamin.
Uses[edit]
Dimethylglycine has been suggested for use as an athletic performance enhancer, immunostimulant, and a treatment for autism, epilepsy, or mitochondrial disease.[2] There is no evidence that dimethylglycine is effective for treating mitochondrial disease.[3] Published studies on the subject have shown little to no difference between DMG treatment and placebo in autism spectrum disorders.[4][5]
Biological activity[edit]
Dimethylglycine has been found to act as an agonist of the glycine site of the NMDA receptor.[6]
Preparation[edit]
This compound is commercially available as the free form amino acid, and as the hydrochloride salt [2491-06-7 ]. DMG may be prepared by the alkylation of glycine via the Eschweiler–Clarke reaction. In this reaction, glycine is treated with aqueous formaldehyde in formic acid that serves as both solvent and reductant. Hydrochloric acid is added thereafter to give the hydrochloride salt. The free amino acid may have been obtained by neutralization of the acid salt, which has been performed with silver oxide.[7]
- H2NCH2COOH + 2 CH2O + 2 HCOOH → (CH3)2NCH2COOH + 2 CO2 + 2 H2O
References[edit]
- ^'dimethylglycine - Compound Summary'. PubChem Compound. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information. 16 September 2004. Identification. Retrieved 24 April 2012.
- ^'Dimethylglycine'. About Herbs, Botanicals & Other Products. Memorial Sloan–Kettering Cancer Center. December 8, 2009.
- ^Pfeffer, Gerald; Majamaa, Kari; Turnbull, Douglass M.; Thorburn, David; Chinnery, Patrick F. (2012-04-18). 'Treatment for mitochondrial disorders'. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (4): CD004426. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004426.pub3. ISSN1469-493X. PMID22513923.
- ^Bolman WM, Richmond JA (June 1999). 'A double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover pilot trial of low-dose dimethylglycine in patients with autistic disorder'. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. 29 (3): 191–4. doi:10.1023/A:1023023820671. PMID10425581.
- ^Kern JK, Miller VS, Cauller PL, Kendall PR, Mehta PJ, Dodd M (March 2001). 'Effectiveness of N,N-dimethylglycine in autism and pervasive developmental disorder'. Journal of Child Neurology. 16 (3): 169–73. doi:10.1177/088307380101600303. PMID11305684.
- ^Lin, Jen-Cheng; Chan, Ming-Huan; Lee, Mei-Yi; Chen, Yi-Chyan; Chen, Hwei-Hsien (2016). 'N,N-dimethylglycine differentially modulates psychotomimetic and antidepressant-like effects of ketamine in mice'. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry. 71: 7–13. doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2016.06.002. ISSN0278-5846. PMID27296677.
- ^Clarke, H. T.; Gillespie, H. B.; Weisshaus, S. Z. (1933). 'The Action of Formaldehyde on Amines and Amino Acids'. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 55 (11): 4571. doi:10.1021/ja01338a041.
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dimethylglycine&oldid=931838436'
Dimethylglycine, also known as DMG, is a natural substance found in both plant and animal cells, and is derived from the amino acid glycine (see reference 1 under Clinical Summary para 1). As a supplement, it is purported to offer a number of health benefits, from enhancing physical performance to improving behavior in children with autism and attention deficit disorder. However, the evidence to support these claims is lacking, according to the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (see reference 1 under Mechanism of Action).
After installing DMG Extractor, all you have to do is double-click your DMG file to open it up. You can browse the files right in the DMG Extractor window if you just want to see what’s inside the DMG file. If you need to extract the file, click the “Extract” button on. To install from a.dmg file you usually do the following: double click the.dmg to make its content available (name will show up in the Finder sidebar). Drag the application from the.dmg window into /Applications to install. Wait for the copy process to finish. Eject the.dmg (by clicking. Managing and installing applications distributed with DMG files. Periodically people who download applications end up with collections of DMG files that they are regularly accessing to use their. Dec 13, 2019 Using AnyToISO. Download and install your converter of choice. Right click the DMG file and select ‘Convert to iso’. The filename will depend on what your DMG file is called. Tell the program where to store the ISO and select Start. Allow the program to convert the file. It can take as little as 10. Dmg opener for windows 10. Nov 18, 2019 A file with the DMG file extension is an Apple Disk Image file, or sometimes called a Mac OS X Disk Image file, which is basically a digital reconstruction of a physical disc. For this reason, a DMG is often the file format used to store compressed software installers instead of having to use a.
How DMG Works
The body produces DMG in the cells by breaking down choline (see reference 1 under Clinical Summary). In the body, it acts as an antioxidant and improves oxygenation of the cells (see reference 1 under Clinical Summary). The thought is that taking DMG as a supplement may further enhance oxygenation, which improves athletic performance (see reference 1 under Clinical Summary). It is also thought to act as a neurological stimulator, which is why it has gained popularity in the autism community (see reference 1 under Clinical Summary). According to an October 2009 review article on the use of complementary medicine in autism published in 'Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics,' the two clinical trials testing the use of DMG on children with autism showed no positive effect or improvement in behavior (see reference 2 under DMG).
Dimethylglycine Hcl
Safety Concerns
N N-dimethylglycine Hcl Dmg Powder Review
DMG is considered a safe and non-toxic substance, according to MSKCC (see reference 1 under Clinical Summary). If you're supplementing your diet with DMG, be sure to inform your doctor to monitor for any potential side effects or interactions. Additionally, while it's safe to take DMG, do not rely on it as a cure or treatment for any illness.